This leaflet provides essential information about lichen sclerosus in females, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and self-care tips.
Produced by Gynaecology Department
Information Version
Date of Issue: June 2026
Review Date: October 2029
If review date has passed, the content will apply until the next version is published
What is Lichen Sclerosus?
Lichen Sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory skin condition mainly affecting the vulva and around the anus. Can start in childhood or after menopause. Causes are not fully understood; it may be linked to immune system issues but is not contagious or infectious. Friction or skin damage can trigger or worsen it, especially from irritation or urine leakage.Its hereditary nature is uncertain, but it rarely occurs in relatives.
Symptoms and appearance
Commonly causes severe itching, soreness, tissue loss, and narrowing of the vaginal entrance, making sex painful.Skin appears white, shiny, thinned, or thickened, with possible blood blisters or cracks.Non-genital patches are less common and usually asymptomatic.In children, constipation is frequent.
Diagnosis and management
Usually diagnosed by appearance; biopsy may be needed if uncertain.No cure exists, but symptoms are controlled with steroid ointments, especially clobetasol.Treatment involves an initial intensive phase, then maintenance, plus emollients for skin protection.Regular self-examination is vital to detect skin changes or potential skin cancer.
Self-Care and precautions
Avoid soap, scented products, and panty liners; dry skin carefully. Use barrier creams and lubricants for painful sex. Stop smoking to reduce cancer risk. Emollients are flammable; take precautions near flames or lit cigarettes.Seek medical advice if skin changes persist or worsen.
Additional resources
Further information available through specified websites and specialist clinics.
Other lichen sclerosus links
NHS Fife kindly reproduces this information based on accurate information about the subject compiled from a consensus of the views held by representatives of the British Association of Dermatologists: individual patient circumstances may differ, which might alter both the advice and course of therapy given to you by your doctor.
Accessible formats
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